ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To discuss the potentialities of using the concept of vulnerability to support measures for preventing and controlling healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Methods: This theoretical study was conducted in steps: 1) presentation of markers that frame the concept of vulnerability; 2) presentation of the characteristics of the health events to which the concept of vulnerability is intended to be applied; 3) identification of research gaps that could be potentially filled by using the concept of vulnerability; 4) identification of the potentialities of using the concept of vulnerability to deal with HAIs. Results: Proposal of a framework for analyzing HAIs from a vulnerability perspective, including the individual and collective dimensions. Conclusion: Using the concept of vulnerability to study and deal with HAIs favors a new approach to an old problem, unlike the dominant studies that highlight the individual aspects of the practices in healthcare services.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Discutir las potencialidades del uso del concepto de la vulnerabilidad para basar las acciones de prevención y control de las Infecciones Relacionadas con la Asistencia Sanitaria (IRAS). Método: Estudio de base teórica, realizado en etapas: 1) presentación de los marcadores que componen el concepto de la vulnerabilidad, 2) presentación de las características del agravio al que se pretende aplicar el concepto de la vulnerabilidad; 3) identificación de las lagunas de investigación que pueden ser potencialmente cumplimentadas por medio del uso del concepto; 4) identificación de las potencialidades del uso del concepto para el manejo de las IRAS. Resultados: Propuesta de un marco de análisis de las IRAS bajo la perspectiva de la vulnerabilidad, componiendo dimensiones individuales y colectivas. Conclusión: El uso del concepto de la vulnerabilidad en el estudio y manejo de las IRAS favorece una nueva mirada sobre un antiguo problema, diferente de los estudios hegemónicos que tratan de destacar los aspectos individuales relativos a las prácticas de atención en los servicios de salud.
RESUMO Objetivo: discutir as potencialidades do uso do conceito de vulnerabilidade para embasar as ações de prevenção e controle das Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS). Método: estudo de base teórica, realizado em etapas: 1) apresentação dos marcadores que compõem o conceito de vulnerabilidade; 2) apresentação das características do agravo ao qual se pretende aplicar o conceito de vulnerabilidade; 3) identificação de lacunas de pesquisa que podem ser potencialmente preenchidas por meio do uso do conceito; 4) identificação das potencialidades do uso do conceito para o manejo de IRAS. Resultados: proposta de um quadro de análise das IRAS na perspectiva da vulnerabilidade, compondo dimensões individual e coletiva. Conclusão: o uso do conceito de vulnerabilidade no estudo e manejo de IRAS favorece um novo olhar sobre um antigo problema, diferente dos estudos hegemônicos que tratam de destacar os aspectos individuais relativos às práticas de atenção nos serviços de saúde.
Subject(s)
Humans , Communicable Diseases/classification , Vulnerable Populations , Iatrogenic Disease/prevention & control , Brazil/epidemiology , Communicable Diseases/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Human Rights , Iatrogenic Disease/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Introducción: La varicela es una enfermedad viral aguda altamente contagiosa, de comienzo repentino, con fiebre moderada, síntomas generales, erupción cutánea de tipo maculopapular y vesicular; afecta principalmente a menores de 10 años. Objetivos: Describir el comportamiento de la varicela entre 2003/2007 en Pradera (Valle del Cauca). Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo producto de los registros del Sistema de Vigilancia en Salud Pública de Pradera, secundarios a la recolección de casos de varicela notificados por los prestadores de servicios de salud municipales semanalmente. Resultados: Se observó un incremento de 10 veces las tasas de varicela en 2006 respecto a 2003; afectó principalmente a menores de 1 a 4 años (14 veces), seguido de adultos jóvenes entre 15 a 44 años (13 veces) y de 45 a 59 años (9 veces); se enfermaron también personas de edades extremas (menores de un año - mayores de 60). Conclusiones: Por su alto poder epidémico la varicela requiere para su control y prevención la movilización de diferentes sectores poblacionales: salud, social y educación; es un evento que al no controlarse adecuadamente afecta a grupos poblacionales inhabituales (mayores de 15 años y menores de 1 año). Las estrategias de control y prevención implementadas entre las secretarías de Salud Municipal de Pradera y Departamental del Valle al parecer contribuyeron a mitigar la diseminación de este evento durante 2007.
Introduction: Chickenpox is a acute viral illness highly contagious of sudden onset with mild fever, general symptoms, maculopapular rash and vesicular type, affecting mainly children under 10 years. Objectives: To describe the behavior of chickenpox between 2003 /2007 in Padrera. (Valle del Cauca). Methods: A descriptive study was made of the records product Surveillance System in Public Health in Pradera secondary to the collection of cases of chickenpox reported by providers of municipal health services weekly. Results: We observed an increase of 10 times the rates for chickenpox in 2006 compared to 2003; this mainly affected children from 1 to 4 years (14 times), followed by young adults between 15 and 44 years (13 times) and 45 to 59 years (9 times); there were also people ill in extreme age (under one year - over 60). Conclusions: The Chickenpox by a high epidemic power required for control and prevention mobilization of different sectors of the population: health, social and education; it is an event that when not controlling properly affects unusual population groups (older than 15 years and less than 1 year). The prevention and control strategies implemented between the Secretaries Local Health in Pradera and Department of Valle helped to mitigate further spread of this event in 2007.
ABSTRACT
Koreans had an ill feeling against the only public isolation hospital, and their ill feeling was a cause the movement for establishing a private isolation hospital. The bad seating capacity and the nearness to downtown of public isolation hospital, and some violence caused in the course of taking a patient to the public isolation hospital were concrete causes of the movement for establishing a private isolation hospital. The three purposes of the movement for establishing a private isolation hospital are as follows. First, for the purpose of removing the national ill feeling, Koreans had to establish the isolation hospital by themselves. Second, for the purpose of curing the patients, doctors needed to use Oriental medicine together. Third, for the purpose of doing away with the anxiety of infection, the isolation hospital had to be located in a distant place from downtown. The movement for establishing a private isolation hospital didn't succeed. It only ended up establishing a contagious ward in Severance hospital. Because whenever an isolation hospital was planned to be constructed somehere, the residents worrying about the infection opposed to the construction, and enough money didn't be gathered. Abve all, rich pro-Japanese men didn't contribute enough money. The middle and lower classes contributed almost all of the money. The movement for estabishing a private isolation hospital was the extension of anti-Japanese national feeling that sprung from the March 1st movement. In view of strenghtening Korean ability, the movement for establishing a private isolation hospital had a common cause with the Shilryokyangsong movement in the early 1920s.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cholera/history , Colonialism/history , Communicable Diseases/history , English Abstract , Hospitals, Public/history , Hospitals, Special/history , Japan , Korea , Patient Isolation/history , PoliticsABSTRACT
The outbreak and spread of SARS warned us to be constantly on our guard against various contagious diseases in the years to come. The prevention and treatment of contagious diseases are not just the obligations of antiepidemic services in the public health field. General hospitals at various levels are not only an important member of the forces fighting against various contagious diseases but are also always at the forefront of the task. For this reason, it is imperative for general hospitals not only to set up and continuously better departments of contagious diseases but also to constantly enhance their staff's antiepidemic awareness and strengthen training with regard to relevant knowledge and skills. In addition, it is necessary to find a solution to the problem of referral of patients with contagious diseases.